# Description: This file contains monthly means and monthly anomalies for surface air temperature from ERA5 averaged over the global domain (0–360°E, 90°S–90°N) for October from 1940 to 2023.
# Reference period: Anomalies are calculated relative to the October average during the 1991-2020 reference period.
# Data source: The original gridded ERA5 hourly data used to generate the time series can be downloaded from the C3S Climate Data Store (CDS) at this address:
# https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/reanalysis-era5-single-levels-monthly-means
# Units: deg. C
# Last updated: 07 Nov 2023
year,2t,2t_clim,2t_ano
1940,13.63,14.45,-0.81
1941,13.94,14.45,-0.51
1942,13.72,14.45,-0.72
1943,13.80,14.45,-0.65
1944,13.99,14.45,-0.46
1945,13.89,14.45,-0.56
1946,13.67,14.45,-0.78
1947,13.87,14.45,-0.58
1948,13.86,14.45,-0.58
1949,13.78,14.45,-0.67
1950,13.80,14.45,-0.65
1951,13.96,14.45,-0.48
1952,13.75,14.45,-0.69
1953,13.85,14.45,-0.60
1954,13.67,14.45,-0.77
1955,13.71,14.45,-0.74
1956,13.46,14.45,-0.99
1957,13.92,14.45,-0.52
1958,13.82,14.45,-0.62
1959,13.81,14.45,-0.64
1960,13.88,14.45,-0.57
1961,13.87,14.45,-0.58
1962,13.84,14.45,-0.61
1963,13.94,14.45,-0.50
1964,13.44,14.45,-1.00
1965,13.77,14.45,-0.68
1966,13.67,14.45,-0.78
1967,13.93,14.45,-0.52
1968,13.88,14.45,-0.56
1969,13.84,14.45,-0.61
1970,13.81,14.45,-0.64
1971,13.65,14.45,-0.79
1972,13.90,14.45,-0.55
1973,13.80,14.45,-0.64
1974,13.61,14.45,-0.83
1975,13.52,14.45,-0.93
1976,13.39,14.45,-1.06
1977,13.73,14.45,-0.72
1978,13.75,14.45,-0.70
1979,14.08,14.45,-0.36
1980,13.99,14.45,-0.46
1981,14.03,14.45,-0.42
1982,13.93,14.45,-0.52
1983,13.97,14.45,-0.48
1984,13.92,14.45,-0.52
1985,13.80,14.45,-0.65
1986,13.85,14.45,-0.59
1987,14.10,14.45,-0.35
1988,14.09,14.45,-0.35
1989,14.07,14.45,-0.38
1990,14.29,14.45,-0.16
1991,14.10,14.45,-0.35
1992,13.84,14.45,-0.60
1993,14.02,14.45,-0.43
1994,14.15,14.45,-0.29
1995,14.25,14.45,-0.20
1996,14.01,14.45,-0.44
1997,14.39,14.45,-0.05
1998,14.27,14.45,-0.18
1999,14.14,14.45,-0.30
2000,14.05,14.45,-0.40
2001,14.34,14.45,-0.11
2002,14.37,14.45,-0.08
2003,14.55,14.45,0.10
2004,14.45,14.45,0.01
2005,14.62,14.45,0.17
2006,14.58,14.45,0.14
2007,14.43,14.45,-0.01
2008,14.48,14.45,0.04
2009,14.53,14.45,0.08
2010,14.56,14.45,0.12
2011,14.48,14.45,0.03
2012,14.67,14.45,0.22
2013,14.50,14.45,0.05
2014,14.61,14.45,0.16
2015,14.89,14.45,0.44
2016,14.79,14.45,0.34
2017,14.81,14.45,0.36
2018,14.80,14.45,0.35
2019,14.90,14.45,0.45
2020,14.82,14.45,0.38
2021,14.87,14.45,0.42
2022,14.86,14.45,0.41
2023,15.30,14.45,0.85